The Vegetable Oil Products (Regulation) Order, 1998
Published vide Notification No. G.S.R. 741(E), dated 16th December, 1998
Act2744
(a) "Act" means the Essential Commodities Act, 1955 (10 of 1955);
(b) "bakery shortening" means vanaspati meant for use as a shortening or leavening agent in the manufacture of bakery products, that is, for promoting the development of the desired cellular structure in the bakery product with an accompanying, increase in its tenderness ,and volume;
(c) "blended edible vegetable oil" means an admixture of two or more edible vegetable oils;
(d) "Commissioner" means the officer appointed as the Vegetable Oil Products Commissioner by the Central Government and includes any other officer authorised by him to exercise any or all of the powers of the Vegetable Oil Products Commissioner under this Order;
(e) "hydrogenation" means the process of addition of hydrogen to an edible vegetable oil using a catalyst to produce a fat with semi-solid consistency;
(f) "interesterification" means the process by which one or more edible oils are treated, through the use of a catalyst, so as to bring about a rearrangement of the fatty acid positions within the glyceride moieties, thereby changing the physical properties like melting point, viscosity, specific gravity;
(g) "label" means a display of printed, perforated stencilled, embossed or stamped matter on the container of any vegetable oil product;
(h) "margarine" means an emulsion of edible oils and fats with water;
(i) "producer" means a person engaged in the business of manufacturing any vegetable oil product;
(j) "refining" means a process by which any vegetable oil is deacidified, bleached and deodorised;
(k) "registration certificate" means the registration granted to a producer under Clause 3 of this order;
(l) "sample" means a sample taken under sub-clause (2) of Clause 8 of this order;
(m) "Schedule" means an Schedule appended to this order;
(n) "vanaspati" means hydrogenated vegetable edible oil meant for human consumption;
(o) "vegetable oil product" means any product obtained for edible purposes by subjecting one or more edible oils to any or a combination of any of the processes or operations, namely, refining [* * *], blending, hydrogenation or interesterification and winterisation (process by which edible fats and oils are fractionated through cooling), and includes any other process which may be notified by the Central Government in the Official Gazette.
[2A. Prohibition as to sale, etc. - No person shall sell or expose for sale or distribute, or offer for sale, or despatch, or deliver to any person for the purpose of sale any vanaspati, bakery shortening, margarine, blended edible vegetable oils, mixed fat spread, vegetable fat spread and refined vegetable oils which is not packed in a container marked and labelled in the manner as specified in Schedule IX.] 3. Registration. - (1) On and from the date of commencement of this Order, no producer shall carry on business of a producer unless such producer has made an application to the Commissioner as specified in Schedule I, and has obtained a registration certificate as specified in Schedule II : Provided that all registrations made under the Vegetable Oil Products (Control) Order, 1947, shall be deemed to be registered under this Order : Provided further that these registrations shall comply with the provisions of this Order; (2) No producer shall be eligible for registration under this Order unless he has his own laboratory facilities for analytically testing of samples. (3) After making necessary enquiries, the Commissioner shall, as he deems fit, issue the registration certificate as specified in Schedule II to the applicant, or reject the application, for reasons to be recorded in writing. 4. Cancellation of registration. - The Commissioner may, after giving the producer an opportunity of being heard, cancel any registration granted to him under this Order for any contravention of the provisions of this Order. 5. Appeal. - Any person who is aggrieved by the order of cancellation under Clause 4 may make an appeal to the Central Government against such order within a period of thirty days of the receipt of such order and the decision of the Central Government shall be final. 6. Power to regulate production of vegetable oil products. - (1) No producer shall manufacture, stock for sale, sell or offer for sale, any vegetable oil product unless it conforms to the standards of quality and other requirements for vegetable oil products as specified in Schedule III for Vanaspati, in Schedule IV for Bakery shortening, in Schedule V for Margarine [in Schedule VI for blended edible vegetable oil, Schedule VII for mixed fat spread and vegetable fat spread, and Schedule VIII for refined oils] respectively: Provided that the Commissioner with the previous approval of the Central Government may, by order, in public interest, for reasons to be recorded in writing, in specific circumstances and for a specified period, relax any or all of the requirements specified in this Order for such manufacture, stocking or sale of any variety of vegetable oil products. [(2) The Commissioner may, having regard to the availability of vegetable oils and all other relevant factors, prescribe the maximum or minimum limit of usage of any vegetable oil specified in the Schedule III in the manufacture of any or all of the vegetable oil products which may be subject to the condition(s) as may be specified by the Commissioner from time to time.] 7. Power to prescribe monthly returns. - Every producer shall furnish by the seventh day of the following month to the Commissioner a return in respect of each vegetable oil product manufactured, sold or imported or exported during that month in a form as may be specified by the Commissioner from time to time. 8. Power to carry out inspection, entry and sampling. - (1) The Commissioner may enter and inspect any premises, vehicles or vessels and seize the stocks of vegetable oil products, in respect of which he has reason to believe that a contravention of any of the provisions of this Order has been or is being or is about to be committed. (2) The Commissioner may take samples of vegetable oil products for examination as per procedure which may be specified by the Central Government from time to time, in this behalf. (3) The Commissioner may inspect, or cause to be inspected any record relating to the production, supply distribution, import and export of vegetable oil products including the purchase of raw materials used in their production and every producer shall be bound to furnish all such information to the Commissioner. 9. Delegation of powers. - The Central Government may by notification in the Official Gazette, direct that any or all of the powers conferred, on the Commissioner by this Order shall, subject to such conditions, if any, as may be specified in the direction, be exercisable also by-(1) Any officer or authority of the Central Government; and
(2) a State Government or any officer or authority of a State Government.
Schedule I
[See Clause 3(1)]
Application for registration under the Vegetable Oil Products (Regulation) Order, 1998
To,
1. |
Name and address (location) of the unit |
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2. |
Proposed item of manufacture and annual installed capacity |
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3. |
Details of plant and machinery |
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4. |
(i) |
Whether the Unit is equipped with an analytical laboratory to carry out the tests |
Yes/No |
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(ii) |
If yes, the details thereof |
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Signature of the Applicant
(Full particulars of the Applicant, i.e.
name and designationed, etc. in block letters)
Schedule II
[See Clause 3(1)(3)]
Ministry of Food and Consumer Affairs
(Department of Sugar and Edible Oils)
Directorate of Vanaspati, Vegetable Oils and Fats
Registration Certificate
No. |
Date : |
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Items |
Annual installed capacity |
(i) |
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(ii) |
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(iii) |
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(iv) |
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(v) |
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(vi) |
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Dated : |
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(…............................................) |
Schedule III
[See Clauses 6(1) and (2)]
Vanaspati
(1) Vanaspati shall be prepared from one or more of the following vegetable oils:(i) Coconut Oil
(ii) Cottonseed Oil
(iii) Dhupa Fat
(iv) Groundnut Oil
(v) Kokum Fat
(vi) Linseed Oil
(vii) Mahua Oil
(viii) Maize (Corn) Oil
(ix) Mango Kernel Fat
(x) Mustard/Rapeseed Oil
(xi) Nigerseed Oil
(xii) Palm Oil
(xiii) Phulwara Fat
(xiv) Ricebran Oil
(xv) Safflower (Kardiseed) Oil
(xvi) Salseed Oil (up to 10%)
(xvii) Sesame Oil
(xviii) Soyabean Oil
(xix) Sunflower Oil
(xx) Watermelon Seed Oil
(xxi) Vegetable Oils imported for edible purposes:
[Provided that imported crude palm oil and fractions thereof shall not be used by the producers other than those who are engaged in the manufacture of vanaspati/ any other hydrogenated vegetable oil produce and are equipped in the same location with the facilities for generation of hydrogen gas and hydrogenation of the said imported crude palm oil and fractions thereof with the gas so generated in the manufacture of vanaspati/ any other hydrogenated vegetable oil product for edible consumption.] (2) The product shall contain raw or refined sesame (Til) oil in sufficient quantity to ensure that the product conforms to the requirement for Baudouin Test as given in A.19 (x) of Appendix B to the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act and Rules, 1955. (3) The refined vegetable oils specified in (2) above shall conform to the standards of quality prescribed under Item A. 17.15 of Appendix B to the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act and Rules, 1955 or Schedule IV to the Solvent Extracted Products (Regulation) Order, 1998. (4) The product shall conform to the following requirements:
(i) |
Moisture, per cent. by mass |
Not more than 0.25 |
(ii) |
Melting Point |
31°C to 41°C |
(iii) |
Butyro-refractometer reading at 60°C |
Not less than 40.0 |
(iv) |
Unsaponifiable matter, per cent. by mass: |
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(a) where the use of rice bran oil in vanaspati is less than 30 per cent. by mass |
Nor more than 2.0 |
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(b) where the use of rice bran oil in vanaspati is more than 30 per cent. by mass |
Not more than 3.4 |
(v) |
Free fatty acid (as oleic acid), per cent. by mass |
Not more than 0.25 |
(vi) |
Baudouin Test (in 1 cm cell on Lovibond scale) |
Not lighter than 2.0 Red Units |
(vii) |
Synthetic Vitamin 'A' |
Not less than 25.0 |
(viii) |
Residual Nickel |
Not more than 1.5 ppm. |
Note.- Methods of testing shall be as prescribed under IS : 548 (Part II).
[(5) The product shall also conform to the following:(i) no vegetable oil other than those specified under Clause (1) or oil or fat of animal or mineral origin shall be used in the manufacture of the products or shall otherwise be present therein;
(ii) it shall not contain any harmful colouring, flavouring or any other matter deleterious to health;
(iii) no colour shall be added to hydrogenated vegetable oil unless so authorised by Government, but in no event any colour resembling the colour of ghee shall be added;
(iv) if any flavour is used, it shall be distinct from that of ghee, in accordance with a list of permissible flavours and such quantities as may be prescribed by Government;
(v) the product on melting shall be clean and clear in appearance and shall be free from sediment, staleness and rancidity, and pleasant to taste and smell;
(vi) no anti-oxidant, synergist, emulsifier or any other such substance be added to it except with the prior sanction of the Government;
(vii) the products shall be manufactured in premises conforming to the sanitary requirements and standards as specified below :
(i) The premises shall be clean, adequately lighted and ventilated, properly whitewashed or painted. There shall be proper and adequate arrangements for disinfecting and deodorising in such premises and there should preferably be space around it on all sides.
(ii) The building shall be of permanent nature and shall be of brick masonary cement, concrete and any other material which would ensure cleanliness. The ceiling of roof of such building shall be of permanent nature. The floor of such building should be cemented, tiled or laid in stone to withstand the use of acid or alkali. Walls of such building shall be tiled or otherwise made impervious to water upto a height of at least 1.5 metres from the floor level.
(iii) The establishment of such ,factory shall be so maintained as to permit hygienic production and all operation in connection with the manufacturing of vegetable oil products, be carried out carefully under strict sanitary conditions as laid down by the State Government. The premises of such factory shall not be used as residential premises; nor shall it have or be capable of having direct access to such premises.
(iv) There shall be an efficient system and provision for treatment of refuse and, effluents before disposal in such factory. Such facilities shall conform to the requirements laid down by the local water and drainage control authorities and the respective State Pollution Control Board.
(v) No person suffering from infectious or contagious disease shall be allowed to work in the premises. Arrangements shall be made to get the staff medically examined once in six months to ensure that they are free from infectious, contiguous and other diseases. The staff working in such factory shall be inoculated against the enteric group of disease and vaccinated against small pox.
In case of epidemic; all workers shall be inculated/vaccinated. No employee who is suffering from a hand or face injury, skin infection or clinically recognisable infectious disease shall be permitted to work in the factory.]Schedule IV
[See Clause 6(1)]
Bakery Shortening
In addition to the requirements for vanaspati prescribed in the Schedule III, bakery shortening, if aerated, shall conform to the following requirements:(1) Only nitrogen or any other inert gas shall be used in the manufacture of the product;
(2) the quantity of such gas in the product shall not exceed 12 per cent. by volume thereof.
Schedule V
[See Clause 6(1)]
Margarine
(1) In modification/addition to the requirements for Vanaspati, Margarine-shall conform to, the following requirements:
(i) |
Fat content (Vanaspati or a mixture of vanaspati and refined vegetable oils), per cent. by mass |
Not less than 80 |
(ii) |
Moisture, per cent. by mass |
Not less than 12 and not more than 16 |
(iii) |
Synthetic Vitamin 'A' at the time of packing |
Not less than 30.0 |
(i) |
Melting Point |
31°C to 37°C |
(ii) |
Baudouin Test (in 1 cm cell on Lovibond scale) |
Not lighter than 2.5 Red Units |
Note.- Methods of test shall be as prescribed under IS : 548 (Part II).
Schedule VI
[See Clause 6(1)]
Blended edible vegetable oil
Blended edible vegetable oil shall conform to the following requirements:
(1) |
Moisture and volatile matter, per cent. by mass |
Not more than 0.2 |
(2) |
Acid value |
As prescribed under Item A. 17.24 of Appendix B to the Prevention of Food Adulteration Rules, 1955 |
(3) |
Unsaponifiable matter, per cent. by mass: |
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(i) Blend with rice ban oil |
Not more than 3.0 |
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(ii) Blend with other edible vegetable oils |
Not more than 1.5 |
(4) |
Flash point |
Not less than 250ºC |
[See Clauses 2-A and 6(1)]
Mixed Fat Spread and Vegetable Fat Spread
Mixed Fat Spread and Vegetable Fat Spread shall conform to the following standards of quality and other requirements-(1) The product shall contain not less than 40 per cent. by weight and not more than 80 per cent. by weight of fat.
(2) Moisture contents of the product shall be not more than 56 per cent. and not less than 16 per cent. by weight.
(3) 'When the product contains mixture of hydrogenated and/or unhydrogenated refined vegetable oils, only such refined vegetable oils, obtained by the process of refining from the vegetable oils specified in Schedule VIII to this Order may be present in the mixture.
(4) The refined vegetable oils specified under sub-clause (3) above shall conform to the standards of quality specified for the respective oils under Schedule VIII appended to this Order or under Part I of the Third Schedule to the Solvent Extracted Oils, Deoiled Meal and Edible Flour (Control) Order, 1967.
(5) No vegetable oil other than those specified under sub-Clause (3) above or animal body fat or mineral oil or added wax shall be used in the manufacture of the product or shall otherwise be present therein.
(6) The product may contain one or more emulsifying or stabilising agents specified in Rule 60 of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Rules, 1955.
(7) The product may contain edible common salt not exceeding 2 per cent. by weight aqueous phase; milk solids not fat. Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA) or Teritiary Butyl Hydroquinone (TBHQ) as antixodants not exceeding 0.02 per cent. of the separated fat of the product; permitted Class II preservatives, namely, sorbic acid including its sodium, potassium and calcium salts (calculated as sorbic acid or benzoic acid) singly or in combination not exceeding 1000 parts per million by weight; and sequestering agents.
(8) The product may contain annattoe and/or carotene as colouring matter. It may also contain diacetye as flavoring agent upto a maximum limit of 4.0 parts per million. The product may contain starch not less than 100 parts per million and not more than 150 parts per million; provided further that the product shall only be sold in the sealed packages weighing not more than 500 grams.
(9) The product shall be clean in appearance, free from rancidity and pleasant to taste and smell.
(10) The premises in which the product is being handled/manufactured shall conform to the sanitary requirements and standards as specified in the Sch IV to the Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation) Order, 1998.
(11) The product shall also conform to the following standards of quality, namely :
(i) |
Melting Point of extracted fat (by capillary slip method) |
Not more than 37°C |
(ii) |
Unsaponifiable matter of extracted fat |
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(a) In the case of Mixed Fat Spread |
Nor more than 1 per cent. by weight |
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(b) In case of Vegetable Fat Spread |
Not more than 1.5 per cent. by weight |
(iii) |
Free fatty acid (as oleic acid) of extracted fat |
Not more than 0.25 per cent. by weight |
(iv) |
Not less than 2.5 Red Units |
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(v) |
Synthetic Vitamin 'A' |
Not less than 25.0 |
[See Clauses 2-A and 6(1)]
(1) The refined vegetable oil shall be obtained from the following vegetable oils:(i) Coconut Oil
(ii) Cottonseed Oil
(iii) Groundnut Oil
(iv) Nigerseed Oil
(v) Safflower Oil
(vi) Sesame Oil
(vii) Soyabean Oil
(viii) Sunflower Oil
(ix) Mustard/Rapeseed Oil
(x) Linseed Oil
(xi) Mahua Oil
(xii) Olive Oil
(xiii) Poppyseed Oil
(xiv) Taramira Oil
(xv) Maize (Corn) Oil
(xvi) Watermeloneseed Oil
(xvii) Palm Oil
(xviii) Palmolein
(xix) Palm Kernel Oil
(xx) Rice Bran Oil
(xxi) Salseed fat
(xxii) Mango Kernel fat
(xxiii) Kokum fat
(xxiv) Dhupa fat
(xxv) Phulwara fat.
(2) The refined vegetable oil shall comply with the following requirements: The oils shall be clear and free from rancidity, adulterants, sediments, suspended and other foreign matter, separated water, added colouring and flavouring substances and mineral oil. The oils shall also comply with the requirements specified against each in the following table:Table
REFINED VEGETABLE OIL |
MOISTURE PER CENT BY WEIGHT (MAX) |
BUTYRO-REFRACTOMETER READING AT 40°C |
SAPONIFICATION VALUE |
IODINE VALUE (WIJS METHOD) |
ACID VALUE (MAX.) |
UNSAPONIFIABLE MATTER PER CENT BY WEIGHT (MAX) |
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
Coconut Oil |
0.10 |
34.0-35.5 |
250 (Min.) |
7.5-10.0 |
0.5 |
1.0 |
Polenske value-13.0 (Min.) |
Cottonseed Oil |
0.10 |
55.6-60.2 |
190-198 |
98-112 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
There shall be no turbidity after keeping the filtered sample at 30°C for 24 hours. Bellier test (Turbidity temperature Acetic acid method)-19.0ºC-21.0ºC |
Nigerseed Oil |
0.10 |
61.0-65.0 |
188-193 |
110-135 |
0.5 |
1.0 |
Bellier Test (Turbidity temperature-Acetic acid method)- 25°C-29°C |
Safflower Oil |
1.10 |
62.4-64.7 |
186-196 |
125-148 |
0.5 |
1.0 |
Bellier Test (Turbidity temperature-Acetic acid method)- Not more than 16°C |
Sesame Oil |
0.10 |
58.0-61.0 |
188-193 |
103-120 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
Bellier Test (Turbidity temperature-Acetic acid method)- Not more than 22°C |
Sesame Oil (Oil obtained from white sesame seeds grown in Tripura, Assam and West Bengal) |
0.10 |
60.5-65.4 |
185-190 |
115-120 |
0.5 |
2.5 |
Bellier Test (Turbidity temperature-Acetic acid method)- Not more than 22°C |
Soyabean Oil |
0.10 |
58.5-68.0 |
189-195 |
120-141 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
Phosphorus- Not more than 0.02% |
Sunflower Oil |
0.10 |
57.1-65.0 |
188-194 |
100-145 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
- |
Mustard Oill/ Rape-Seed Oil |
0.10 |
58.0-60.5 |
168-177 |
96-112$ |
0.5 |
1.2 |
Bellier Test (Turbidity temperature-Acetic acid
method)- 23°C-27.5°C. |
Rape Seed Oil (obtained from rapessed grown abroad or oil produced in India obtained from imported rapeseed) |
0.10 |
51.0-64.8 |
166-198 |
94-126 |
0.6 |
2.0 |
Bellier Test (Turbidity temperature-Acetic acid
method)- 19.0°C (max.) |
Linseed Oil |
0.10 |
69.5-74.3 |
188-195 |
170(min) |
0.5 |
1.5 |
|
Mahua Oil |
0.10 |
49.5-52.7 |
187-196 |
58-70 |
0.5 |
2.0 |
|
Olive Oil |
0.10 |
53.0-56.0 |
185-196 |
79-90 |
0.5 |
1.0 |
|
Poppy seed Oil |
0.10 |
60.0-64.0 |
186-194 |
133-143 |
0.5 |
1.0 |
|
Taramira Oil |
0.10 |
58.0-60.0 |
174-177 |
99-105 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
|
Maize (Corn) Oil |
0.10 |
56.7-62.5 |
187-195 |
103-128 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
|
Water melon seed Oil |
0.10 |
55.6-61.7 |
190-198 |
115-125 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
|
Palm Oil |
0.10 |
35.44.0 (at 50.0°C) |
195-205 |
45-56 |
0.5 |
1.2 |
Melting point (capillary slip method - 37ºC (Max)) |
Palmolein |
0.10 |
43.7-52.5 |
195-205 |
54-62 |
0.5 |
1.2 |
Clod point- 19ºC (Max) |
Palm Kernel Oil |
O.10 |
35.3-39.5 |
237-255 |
10-23 |
0.5 |
1.2 |
|
Rice Bran Oil |
0.10 |
51.0-66.4 |
180-195 |
90-105 |
0.5 |
3.5 |
Flash point (Pensky Marten closed method) 250ºC (Min) |
Partially Hydrogenated Soyabean Oil |
0.10 |
1.4630-1.4670# |
189-202 |
95-110 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
Linolenic acid (c 18 : 3) -3% by weight Max) |
Partially Hydrogenatedand Winterised Soyabean Oil |
0.10 |
1.4630-1.4690# |
189-202 |
107-120 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
Linolenic acid (c 18 : 3) -3% by weight Max)
|
Salseed Fat |
0.10 |
36.7-51.0 |
180-195 |
31-45 |
0.5 |
2.5 |
9:10 epoxy and 9:10 Dihydroxy stearic acid 3.0%
by weight (Max). |
Mango Kernel Fat |
0.10 |
43.7-51.6 |
185-198 |
32-57 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
Flash point (Pensky Marten closed method) -250°C (Min) |
Kokum Fat |
0.10 |
45.9-47.3 |
187-191.7 |
32-40 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
Flash point (Pensky Marten closed method) -250°C (Min) |
Dhupa Fat |
0.10 |
47.5-49.5 |
187-192 |
36-43 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
Flash point (Pensky Marten closed method) -250°C (Min) |
Phulwara Fat |
0.10 |
48.6-51.0 |
192.5-199.4 |
43.8-47.4 |
0.5 |
1.5 |
Flash point (Pensky Marten closed method) -250°C (Min) |
Note.- Flash point (Pensky Marten closed method) in case of oils (except coconut oil) obtained by solvent extraction process and imported oils shall not be less than 250ºC and Flash point (Pensky Marten closed method) in the case of coconut oil obtained by solvent extraction process shall not be less than 225ºC.
#Refractive Index at 40ºC.Schedule IX
[See Clause 2-A]
Requirements to be complied with in regard to packing, marking and labelling of the container containing any vanaspati, margarine, bakery shortening, blended edible vegetable oils, mixed fat spread and vegetable fat spread and refined vegetable oils. 1. Every container in which vanaspati, margarine, bakery shortening, blended edible vegetable oils, mixed fat spread and fat spread and refined vegetable oil is packed shall bear the following particulars in English or Hindi in Devanagri script :(a) the name, trade name (if any);
(b) name and address of the producer;
(c) the name/description of the contents, free from Argemone Oil;
(d) the next mass/volume of the contents; "
(e) the batch number, month and year of manufacture; and"
(f) registration number.
Provided that nothing contained in this para, shall prevent the use of any other language in addition to the language required under this para. 2. The type, size of the matter and numericals shall be specified under the provisions of the Standards of Weights and Measures (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 1977. 3. The label shall not contain any statement or claim which is false or misleading in respect of any vanaspati, margarine, bakery shortening, blended edible vegetable oils, mixed fat spread, fat spread and refined vegetable oils contained in the package or concerning the quantity or quality or the nutritional value of the vanaspati, margarine, bakery shortening, blended edible vegetable oil, mixed fat spread, fat spread and refined vegetable oils. 4. Vanaspati, margarine, bakery shortening, blended edible vegetable oils, mixed fat spread, fat spread and refined vegetable oils shall be packed in conformity with the provisions of the Standard of Weights and Measures (Packaged Commodities) Rules, 1977 and the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 (37 of 1954) and the Rules made thereunder.